1. Chiyambi cha Magalimoto Amagetsi
Mota yamagetsi ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasintha mphamvu zamagetsi kukhala mphamvu yamakina. Chimagwiritsa ntchito coil yolimbikitsidwa (monga stator winding) kuti ipange mphamvu ya maginito yozungulira ndikugwira ntchito pa rotor (monga chimango chotsekedwa ndi aluminiyamu) kuti ipange magnetic rotational torque.
Ma mota amagetsi amagawidwa m'ma mota a DC ndi ma mota a AC malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana amagetsi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ma mota ambiri mu dongosolo lamagetsi ndi ma mota a AC, omwe amatha kukhala ma mota ogwirizana kapena ma mota osalumikizana (liwiro la mphamvu ya maginito ya stator ya mota silisunga liwiro logwirizana ndi liwiro lozungulira la rotor).
Mota yamagetsi imakhala ndi stator ndi rotor, ndipo njira ya mphamvu yogwira ntchito pa waya wopatsidwa mphamvu mu mphamvu ya maginito imagwirizana ndi njira ya mphamvu yamagetsi ndi njira ya mzere wolowetsa mphamvu yamagetsi (njira ya mphamvu yamagetsi). Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya mota yamagetsi ndi momwe mphamvu yamagetsi imagwirira ntchito pa mphamvu yamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mota izungulire.
2. Gawo la ma mota amagetsi
① Kugawa magulu malinga ndi magetsi ogwirira ntchito
Malinga ndi magwero osiyanasiyana a mphamvu zogwirira ntchito zama mota zamagetsi, amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota a DC ndi ma mota a AC. Ma mota a AC amagawidwanso m'ma mota a single-phase ndi ma mota a three-phase.
② Kugawa magulu malinga ndi kapangidwe ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito
Ma mota amagetsi amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota a DC, ma mota a asynchronous, ndi ma mota a synchronous malinga ndi kapangidwe kawo ndi mfundo yogwirira ntchito. Ma mota a synchronous amathanso kugawidwa m'ma mota a synchronous a magnet okhazikika, ma mota a synchronous a resistance, ndi ma mota a hysteresis synchronous. Ma mota a asynchronous amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota a induction ndi ma mota a AC commutator. Ma mota a induction amagawidwanso m'ma mota a asynchronous a magawo atatu ndi ma mota a shaded pole asynchronous. Ma mota a AC commutator amagawidwanso m'ma mota a single-phase series excited, ma mota a AC DC dual purpose, ndi ma mota a repulsive.
③ Yagawidwa m'magulu potengera oyambitsa ndi momwe amagwirira ntchito
Ma mota amagetsi amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota a capacitor started single-phase asynchronous, ma mota a single-phase asynchronous oyendetsedwa ndi capacitor, ma mota a single-phase asynchronous oyendetsedwa ndi capacitor, ndi ma mota a single-phase asynchronous ogawidwa m'magawo a single-phase asynchronous malinga ndi momwe amayambira komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito.
④ Kugawa m'magulu malinga ndi cholinga
Ma mota amagetsi amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota oyendetsera ndi ma mota owongolera malinga ndi ntchito yawo.
Ma mota amagetsi oyendetsera galimoto amagawidwanso m'zida zamagetsi (kuphatikizapo kuboola, kupukuta, kupukuta, kudula, ndi kukulitsa zida), ma mota amagetsi a zida zapakhomo (kuphatikiza makina ochapira, mafani amagetsi, mafiriji, ma air conditioner, zojambulira, zojambulira makanema, osewera ma DVD, zotsukira vacuum, makamera, zophulitsira zamagetsi, zometa tsitsi zamagetsi, ndi zina zotero), ndi zida zina zazing'ono zamakanika (kuphatikiza zida zazing'ono zosiyanasiyana zamakina, makina ang'onoang'ono, zida zachipatala, zida zamagetsi, ndi zina zotero).
Ma mota owongolera amagawidwanso m'ma mota oyenda ndi ma mota a servo.
⑤ Kugawa malinga ndi kapangidwe ka rotor
Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka rotor, ma motor amagetsi amatha kugawidwa m'ma motors olowetsa zinthu m'khola (omwe kale ankadziwika kuti ma squirrel cage asynchronous motors) ndi ma motors olowetsa zinthu m'khola (omwe kale ankadziwika kuti ma wound asynchronous motors).
⑥ Yagawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi liwiro la ntchito
Ma mota amagetsi amatha kugawidwa m'ma mota othamanga kwambiri, ma mota othamanga pang'ono, ma mota othamanga nthawi zonse, ndi ma mota othamanga mosiyanasiyana malinga ndi liwiro lawo logwira ntchito.
⑦ Kugawa m'magulu malinga ndi mawonekedwe oteteza
a. Mtundu wotseguka (monga IP11, IP22).
Kupatulapo kapangidwe kofunikira kothandizira, motayo ilibe chitetezo chapadera pa ziwalo zozungulira ndi zamoyo.
b. Mtundu wotsekedwa (monga IP44, IP54).
Ziwalo zozungulira ndi zamoyo zomwe zili mkati mwa chivundikiro cha injini zimafunikira chitetezo chofunikira cha makina kuti zisakhudze mwangozi, koma sizimalepheretsa kwambiri mpweya wabwino. Ma mota oteteza amagawidwa m'mitundu iyi malinga ndi kapangidwe kawo kosiyanasiyana ka mpweya wabwino ndi chitetezo.
ⓐ Mtundu wa chivundikiro cha mauna.
Mabowo olowera mpweya a injini amaphimbidwa ndi zophimba zobowoka kuti ziwalo zozungulira ndi zamoyo za injini zisakhudze zinthu zakunja.
ⓑ Yosagwa ndi madontho.
Kapangidwe ka chotulutsira mpweya cha mota kamatha kuletsa madzi kapena zinthu zolimba kugwa molunjika mkati mwa mota.
ⓒ Yosapsa ndi madzi.
Kapangidwe ka chotulutsira mpweya cha mota kamatha kuletsa zakumwa kapena zinthu zolimba kulowa mkati mwa mota mbali iliyonse mkati mwa ngodya yoyima ya 100 °.
ⓓ Yatsekedwa.
Kapangidwe ka chivundikiro cha injini kangalepheretse kusinthana kwa mpweya mkati ndi kunja kwa chivundikirocho, koma sikufuna kutsekedwa kwathunthu.
ⓔ Chosalowa madzi.
Kapangidwe ka chivundikiro cha injini kangathe kuletsa madzi kulowa mkati mwa injini ndi mphamvu inayake.
ⓕ Yosalowa madzi.
Injini ikaviikidwa m'madzi, kapangidwe ka chivundikiro cha injini kamalepheretsa madzi kulowa mkati mwa injini.
ⓖ Kalembedwe ka kusambira m'madzi.
Mota yamagetsi imatha kugwira ntchito m'madzi kwa nthawi yayitali pansi pa kuthamanga kwa madzi kovomerezeka.
ⓗ Umboni woti palibe kuphulika.
Kapangidwe ka chivundikiro cha injini ndikokwanira kuletsa kuphulika kwa mpweya mkati mwa injini kuti usapitirire kunja kwa injini, zomwe zimapangitsa kuphulika kwa mpweya woyaka kunja kwa injini. Nkhani yovomerezeka ya “Mechanical Engineering Literature”, siteshoni ya mafuta ya mainjiniya!
⑧ Kugawidwa m'magulu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopumira mpweya komanso zoziziritsira
a. Kudziziziritsa.
Ma mota amagetsi amadalira kuwala kwa pamwamba ndi mpweya wachilengedwe kuti azizire.
b. Fani yoziziritsira yokha.
Mota yamagetsi imayendetsedwa ndi fani yomwe imapereka mpweya woziziritsa kuti uziziritse pamwamba kapena mkati mwa mota.
c. Fani yake inazizira.
Fani yopereka mpweya woziziritsa siyendetsedwa ndi injini yamagetsi yokha, koma imayendetsedwa yokha.
d. Mtundu wa mpweya wolowera m'mapaipi.
Mpweya wozizira sulowetsedwa mwachindunji kapena kutuluka kuchokera kunja kwa mota kapena mkati mwa mota, koma umalowetsedwa kapena kutuluka kuchokera mu mota kudzera m'mapaipi. Mafani opumira mpweya m'mapaipi amatha kuziziritsidwa okha kapena kuziziritsidwa ndi fan ina.
e. Kuziziritsa madzi.
Ma mota amagetsi amaziziritsidwa ndi madzi.
f. Kuziziritsa mpweya wa dera lotsekedwa.
Njira yoziziritsira injini imakhala ndi closed circuit yomwe imaphatikizapo mota ndi choziziritsira. Njira yoziziritsira imayamwa kutentha ikadutsa mu mota ndikutulutsa kutentha ikadutsa mu choziziritsira.
g. Kuziziritsa pamwamba ndi kuziziritsa mkati.
Choziziritsira chomwe sichidutsa mkati mwa kondakitala wa mota chimatchedwa kuziziritsa pamwamba, pomwe choziziritsira chomwe chimadutsa mkati mwa kondakitala wa mota chimatchedwa kuziziritsa mkati.
⑨ Kugawa malinga ndi mawonekedwe a kapangidwe kake
Fomu yokhazikitsira ma mota amagetsi nthawi zambiri imaimiridwa ndi ma code.
Khodiyi imayimiridwa ndi chidule cha IM cha kukhazikitsa kwapadziko lonse lapansi,
Chilembo choyamba mu IM chikuyimira mtundu wa code yokhazikitsa, B chikuyimira malo okhazikika, ndipo V chikuyimira malo okhazikika;
Manambala achiwiri akuyimira khodi yodziwika bwino, yoimiridwa ndi manambala a Chiarabu.
⑩ Kugawa malinga ndi mulingo wa insulation
Mlingo wa A, Mlingo wa E, Mlingo wa B, Mlingo wa F, Mlingo wa H, Mlingo wa C. Kugawika kwa ma mota mu mulingo woteteza kutentha kwawonetsedwa patebulo lomwe lili pansipa.
⑪ Yagawidwa m'magulu malinga ndi maola ogwira ntchito omwe adavoteledwa
Dongosolo logwira ntchito mosalekeza, losinthasintha, komanso la nthawi yochepa.
Dongosolo Losalekeza la Ntchito (SI). Mota iyi imatsimikizira kuti imagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali pansi pa mtengo wovomerezeka womwe watchulidwa pa nameplate.
Maola ogwirira ntchito a nthawi yochepa (S2). Mota imatha kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa yokha pansi pa mtengo wovomerezeka womwe watchulidwa pa nameplate. Pali mitundu inayi ya miyezo ya nthawi yogwirira ntchito kwa nthawi yochepa: mphindi 10, mphindi 30, mphindi 60, ndi mphindi 90.
Dongosolo logwira ntchito mosinthasintha (S3). Mota ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosinthasintha komanso nthawi ndi nthawi pokhapokha ngati yatchulidwa pa dzina la galimoto, lomwe limafotokozedwa ngati peresenti ya mphindi 10 pa nthawi iliyonse. Mwachitsanzo, FC = 25%; Pakati pawo, S4 mpaka S10 ndi amodzi mwa machitidwe angapo ogwirira ntchito mosinthasintha m'mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.
9.2.3 Zolakwika zomwe zimachitika kawirikawiri pa mota zamagetsi
Ma mota amagetsi nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi zolakwika zosiyanasiyana pakagwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali.
Ngati mphamvu yotumizira pakati pa cholumikizira ndi chochepetsera ndi yayikulu, dzenje lolumikizira pamwamba pa flange limasonyeza kuwonongeka kwakukulu, komwe kumawonjezera kusiyana kwa kulumikizana ndipo kumabweretsa kusasunthika kwa mphamvu yotumizira; Kuwonongeka kwa malo operekera chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa bearing ya mota; Kuwonongeka pakati pa mitu ya shaft ndi makiyi, ndi zina zotero. Mavuto otere akachitika, njira zachikhalidwe zimayang'ana kwambiri pakukonza zowotcherera kapena kukonza machine pambuyo poyika burashi, koma zonse ziwiri zimakhala ndi zovuta zina.
Kupsinjika kwa kutentha komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwotcherera kokonzanso kutentha kwambiri sikungathe kuthetsedwa kwathunthu, komwe kumatha kupindika kapena kusweka; Komabe, kuphimba kwa burashi kumachepetsedwa ndi makulidwe a chophimbacho ndipo kumatha kusweka, ndipo njira zonse ziwirizi zimagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo kukonza chitsulocho, chomwe sichingasinthe ubale wa "chovuta mpaka cholimba". Pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zosiyanasiyana, chidzapangitsa kuti chiwonongekenso.
Mayiko akumadzulo amakono nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi polima ngati njira zokonzera mavutowa. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zopangidwa ndi polima pokonza sikukhudza kutentha kwa zinthu, ndipo makulidwe ake sali ochepa. Nthawi yomweyo, zinthu zopangidwa ndi zitsulo zomwe zili mu chinthucho sizitha kuyamwa mphamvu ndi kugwedezeka kwa zipangizozo, kupewa kuwonongeka, ndikuwonjezera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito zidazo, zomwe zimapulumutsa nthawi yambiri yogwira ntchito kwa mabizinesi ndikupanga phindu lalikulu pazachuma.
(1) Chochitika cholakwika: Mota siingayambe ikalumikizidwa
Zifukwa ndi njira zothanirana ndi vutoli ndi izi.
① Cholakwika cha waya wozungulira wa Stator - yang'anani wayawo ndikukonza cholakwikacho.
② Tsegulani dera mu stator winding, short circuit grounding, open circuit mu winding ya wound rotor motor - dziwani malo olakwika ndikuchotsa.
③ Kulemera kwambiri kapena njira yotumizira yokhazikika - yang'anani njira yotumizira ndi katundu.
④ Tsegulani dera lozungulira la injini ya rotor yozungulira (kukhudzana koyipa pakati pa burashi ndi mphete yotsetsereka, dera lotseguka mu rheostat, kukhudzana koyipa mu lead, ndi zina zotero) - dziwani malo otseguka ndikukonza.
⑤ Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yotsika kwambiri - onani chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli ndikuchichotsa.
⑥ Kutayika kwa gawo la magetsi - yang'anani dera ndikubwezeretsa magawo atatu.
(2) Chochitika cholakwika: Kutentha kwa injini kumakwera kwambiri kapena kusuta
Zifukwa ndi njira zothanirana ndi vutoli ndi izi.
① Yodzaza kwambiri kapena yoyambitsidwa mobwerezabwereza - chepetsani katundu ndikuchepetsa chiwerengero cha zoyambira.
② Kutayika kwa gawo panthawi yogwira ntchito - yang'anani dera ndikubwezeretsa magawo atatu.
③ Cholakwika cha waya wozungulira wa Stator - yang'anani wayawo ndikukonza.
④ Kuzungulira kwa stator kumakhala pansi, ndipo pali kuzungulira kochepa pakati pa kuzungulira kapena magawo - dziwani malo okhazikika kapena dera lalifupi ndikukonza.
⑤ Chozungulira cha khola chasweka - sinthani chozunguliracho.
⑥ Kusowa kwa gawo la ntchito yozungulira rotor ya wound - dziwani malo olakwika ndikukonza.
⑦ Kukangana pakati pa stator ndi rotor - Yang'anani ma bearing ndi rotor ngati akusintha, kukonza kapena kusintha.
⑧ Mpweya wochepa - fufuzani ngati mpweya wokwanira sunatsegulidwe.
⑨ Voltage yokwera kwambiri kapena yotsika kwambiri - Chongani chomwe chikuyambitsa vutoli ndikuchichotsa.
(3) Chochitika cholakwika: Kugwedezeka kwambiri kwa magalimoto
Zifukwa ndi njira zothanirana ndi vutoli ndi izi.
① Rotor yosalinganika - kulinganiza bwino.
② Pulley kapena shaft yopindika yosakhazikika - yang'anani ndi kukonza.
③ Mota siili bwino ndi mzere wolozera katundu - yang'anani ndikusintha mzere wolozera wa chipangizocho.
④ Kuyika molakwika kwa mota - yang'anani momwe imayikidwira ndi zomangira za maziko.
⑤ Kuchuluka kwadzidzidzi - kuchepetsa katundu.
(4) Chochitika cholakwika: Phokoso losazolowereka panthawi yogwira ntchito
Zifukwa ndi njira zothanirana ndi vutoli ndi izi.
① Kukangana pakati pa stator ndi rotor - Yang'anani mabearing ndi rotor ngati akusintha, kukonza kapena kusintha.
② Maberiyani owonongeka kapena osapakidwa mafuta bwino - sinthani ndi kuyeretsa maberiyaniwo.
③ Kutayika kwa gawo la injini - yang'anani malo otseguka a magetsi ndikukonza.
④ Kugundana kwa tsamba ndi chivundikiro - fufuzani ndikuchotsa zolakwika.
(5) Chochitika cholakwika: Liwiro la injini ndi lotsika kwambiri ikakhala kuti yadzazidwa
Zifukwa ndi njira zothanirana ndi vutoli ndi izi.
① Volti yamagetsi ndi yotsika kwambiri - onani voti yamagetsi.
② Kulemera kwambiri - yang'anani katunduyo.
③ Chozungulira cha khola chasweka - sinthani chozunguliracho.
④ Kulumikizana koipa kapena kosagwirizana kwa gawo limodzi la gulu la waya wozungulira - yang'anani kuthamanga kwa burashi, kukhudzana pakati pa burashi ndi mphete yotsetsereka, ndi kuzungulira kwa rotor.
(6) Chochitika cholakwika: Chikwama cha injini chilipo
Zifukwa ndi njira zothanirana ndi vutoli ndi izi.
① Kupanda nthaka bwino kapena kukana nthaka kwambiri - Lumikizani waya wapansi motsatira malamulo kuti muchotse zolakwika pa nthaka.
② Makomo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi onyowa - amaumitsa.
③ Kuwonongeka kwa chitetezo chamthupi, kugundana kwa lead - Kuviika utoto kuti mukonze chitetezo chamthupi, kulumikizanso lead. 9.2.4 Njira zogwiritsira ntchito injini
① Musanachotse injini, gwiritsani ntchito mpweya wopanikizika kuti muchotse fumbi pamwamba pa injiniyo ndikuipukuta bwino.
② Sankhani malo ogwirira ntchito pochotsa injini ndikuyeretsa malo omwe ali pamalopo.
③ Ndikudziwa bwino za kapangidwe ka injini ndi zofunikira pa kukonza injini zamagetsi.
Konzani zida zofunika (kuphatikizapo zida zapadera) ndi zida zoti muchotse.
⑤ Kuti timvetse bwino zolakwika pakugwira ntchito kwa mota, mayeso owunikira amatha kuchitika musanayichotse ngati zinthu zilola. Pachifukwa ichi, mota imayesedwa ndi katundu, ndipo kutentha, phokoso, kugwedezeka, ndi zina za gawo lililonse la mota zimayesedwa mwatsatanetsatane. Voltage, mphamvu, liwiro, ndi zina zotero zimayesedwanso. Kenako, katunduyo amachotsedwa ndipo mayeso osiyana owunikira opanda katundu amachitidwa kuti ayesere mphamvu yopanda katundu komanso kutayika kwa katundu, ndipo zolemba zimapangidwa. Akaunti yovomerezeka "Mechanical Engineering Literature", siteshoni ya mafuta ya mainjiniya!
⑥ Dulani magetsi, chotsani mawaya akunja a mota, ndipo sungani zolemba.
⑦ Sankhani megohmmeter yoyenera yamagetsi kuti muyese kukana kwa kutenthetsa kwa mota. Kuti muyerekezere kukana kwa kutenthetsa komwe kunayesedwa panthawi yomaliza yokonza kuti mudziwe momwe kusintha kwa kutenthetsa kwa mota kukuyendera komanso momwe kutenthetsa kwa mota kumakhalira, kukana kwa kutenthetsa komwe kunayesedwa pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana kuyenera kusinthidwa kukhala kutentha komweko, nthawi zambiri kusinthidwa kukhala 75 ℃.
⑧ Yesani chiŵerengero cha kuyamwa kwa K. Ngati chiŵerengero cha kuyamwa kwa K>1.33, chimasonyeza kuti kutenthetsa kwa injini sikunakhudzidwe ndi chinyezi kapena kuchuluka kwa chinyezi sikoopsa. Pofuna kuyerekeza ndi deta yapitayi, ndikofunikiranso kusintha chiŵerengero cha kuyamwa chomwe chimayesedwa pa kutentha kulikonse kukhala kutentha komweko.
9.2.5 Kukonza ndi kukonza ma mota amagetsi
Pamene mota ikugwira ntchito kapena ikulephera kugwira ntchito bwino, pali njira zinayi zopewera ndikuchotseratu zolakwika munthawi yake, zomwe ndi kuyang'ana, kumvetsera, kununkhiza, ndi kukhudza, kuti zitsimikizire kuti motayo ikugwira ntchito bwino.
(1) Yang'anani
Yang'anirani ngati pali zolakwika zilizonse panthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini, zomwe zimaonekera kwambiri m'mikhalidwe yotsatirayi.
① Pamene chozungulira cha stator chatsekedwa pang'ono, utsi ukhoza kuwoneka kuchokera ku mota.
② Injini ikadzaza kwambiri kapena ikatha mphamvu, liwiro lidzachepa ndipo padzakhala phokoso lalikulu la "buzzing".
③ Ikayenda bwino, koma mwadzidzidzi imasiya, ma spark angawonekere pa kulumikizana kosasunthika; Chochitika cha fuse ikuwombedwa kapena chinthu china chikumangika.
④ Ngati mota ikugwedezeka mwamphamvu, mwina chifukwa cha kutsekeka kwa chipangizo chopatsira magetsi, kusakhazikika bwino kwa mota, mabotolo okhazikika osasunthika, ndi zina zotero.
⑤ Ngati pali kusintha kwa mtundu, zizindikiro zoyaka, ndi madontho a utsi pa zolumikizira zamkati ndi zolumikizira za mota, zimasonyeza kuti pakhoza kukhala kutentha kwambiri m'deralo, kukhudzana kosayenera ndi zolumikizira za conductor, kapena ma windings oyaka.
(2) Mvetserani
Injiniyo iyenera kutulutsa phokoso lofanana komanso lopepuka panthawi yogwira ntchito bwino, popanda phokoso lililonse kapena mawu apadera. Ngati phokoso lochuluka lituluka, kuphatikizapo phokoso lamagetsi, phokoso la mabearing, phokoso la mpweya, phokoso la makina, ndi zina zotero, ikhoza kukhala vuto kapena vuto la kusowa kwa ntchito.
① Pa phokoso la maginito, ngati mota itulutsa phokoso lalikulu komanso lolemera, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo.
a. Mpata wa mpweya pakati pa stator ndi rotor ndi wofanana, ndipo phokoso limasintha kuchoka pamwamba kupita pansi ndi nthawi yofanana pakati pa mawu apamwamba ndi otsika. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa bearing, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti stator ndi rotor zisakhale zozungulira.
b. Mphamvu yamagetsi ya magawo atatu siili bwino. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha nthaka yolakwika, short circuit, kapena kukhudzana kolakwika kwa kuzungulira kwa magawo atatu. Ngati phokoso silili bwino, zimasonyeza kuti mota yadzaza kwambiri kapena yatha mphamvu.
c. Chitsulo chapakati chosalimba. Kugwedezeka kwa mota panthawi yogwira ntchito kumapangitsa kuti mabotolo omangira a chitsulo chapakati asamasuke, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pepala lachitsulo la silicon la chitsulo chapakati lisamasuke ndikutulutsa phokoso.
② Pa phokoso la bearing, liyenera kuyang'aniridwa pafupipafupi panthawi yogwira ntchito ya injini. Njira yowunikira ndikukanikiza mbali imodzi ya screwdriver motsutsana ndi malo oikira bearing, ndipo mbali inayo ili pafupi ndi khutu kuti imve phokoso la bearing ikuyenda. Ngati bearing ikugwira ntchito bwino, phokoso lake lidzakhala lopitirira komanso laling'ono "logwedezeka", popanda kusinthasintha kwa kutalika kapena phokoso lachitsulo. Ngati mawu otsatirawa achitika, amaonedwa kuti ndi osazolowereka.
a. Pamakhala phokoso la "kulira" pamene bearing ikuyenda, lomwe ndi phokoso la kukangana kwachitsulo, nthawi zambiri limayamba chifukwa cha kusowa kwa mafuta mu bearing. Bearing iyenera kuchotsedwa ndikuwonjezeredwa ndi mafuta okwanira opaka.
b. Ngati pali phokoso la "kulira", ndi phokoso lomwe limapangidwa mpira ukazungulira, nthawi zambiri limayamba chifukwa cha kuuma kwa mafuta opaka kapena kusowa kwa mafuta. Mafuta okwanira amatha kuwonjezeredwa.
c. Ngati pali phokoso la "kudina" kapena "kulira", ndi phokoso lomwe limapangidwa ndi kuyenda kosazolowereka kwa mpira mu bearing, komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa mpira mu bearing kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mota kwa nthawi yayitali, komanso kuuma kwa mafuta opaka.
③ Ngati makina otumizira ndi makina oyendetsedwa atulutsa mawu mosalekeza m'malo mosinthasintha, akhoza kuchitidwa m'njira zotsatirazi.
a. Mawu omveka nthawi ndi nthawi amachitika chifukwa cha kulumikizana kwa lamba kosafanana.
b. Phokoso la "kugunda" nthawi ndi nthawi limayamba chifukwa cha kulumikizana kosasunthika kapena pulley pakati pa ma shaft, komanso makiyi kapena makiyi osweka.
c. Phokoso losagwirizana la kugundana limachitika chifukwa cha mphepo zomwe zimagundana ndi chivundikiro cha fan.
(3) Fungo
Mwa kununkhiza fungo la mota, zolakwika zimatha kuzindikirika ndikupewedwa. Ngati fungo lapadera la utoto lapezeka, limasonyeza kuti kutentha kwamkati kwa mota ndi kwakukulu kwambiri; Ngati fungo lamphamvu lopsa kapena lopsa lapezeka, likhoza kukhala chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa gawo loteteza kutentha kapena kutentha kwa chozungulira.
(4) Kukhudza
Kukhudza kutentha kwa ziwalo zina za injini kungathenso kudziwa chomwe chachititsa vutoli. Kuti zitsimikizire kuti ndi zotetezeka, kumbuyo kwa dzanja kuyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukhudza mbali zozungulira za chivundikiro cha injini ndi mabearing pokhudza. Ngati kutentha kwapezeka kolakwika, pakhoza kukhala zifukwa zingapo.
① Mpweya wochepa. Monga kutsekeka kwa mafani, njira zotsekeka zopumira, ndi zina zotero.
② Kudzaza kwambiri. Kumayambitsa mphamvu yamagetsi yambiri komanso kutentha kwambiri kwa stator winding.
③ Kuzungulira kwafupikitsa pakati pa ma windings a stator kapena kusalinganika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ya magawo atatu.
④ Kuyambitsa kapena kuletsa pafupipafupi.
⑤ Ngati kutentha kozungulira bearing kuli kokwera kwambiri, kungachitike chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa bearing kapena kusowa kwa mafuta.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-06-2023
