Pansi pa zomangamanga zachikhalidwe za 400V, maginito okhazikikamotaZimakhala ndi vuto la kutentha ndi kuchotsedwa kwa maginito pansi pa mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba komanso liwiro lalikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kukonza mphamvu yonse ya injini. Izi zimapatsa mwayi kapangidwe ka 800V kuti kakwaniritse mphamvu yowonjezera ya injini pansi pa mphamvu yomweyo yamagetsi. Pansi pa kapangidwe ka 800V,motaikukumana ndi zofunikira ziwiri zazikulu: kuteteza dzimbiri komanso kulimbitsa chitetezo chamthupi.
Zochitika pa Njira Zaukadaulo:
Njira yoyendetsera injini: waya wathyathyathya. Mota ya waya wathyathyathya imatanthauzamotayomwe imagwiritsa ntchito stator yozungulira yokhala ndi mkuwa wathyathyathya (makamaka mota yokhazikika ya maginito). Poyerekeza ndi mota yozungulira ya waya, mota ya waya wathyathyathya ili ndi zabwino monga kukula kochepa, kuchuluka kwa malo odzaza, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zambiri, magwiridwe antchito abwino a NVH, komanso kuyendetsa bwino kutentha komanso kutentha. Imatha kukwaniritsa bwino magwiridwe antchito a kufunafuna kopepuka, kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zambiri, ndi zina zofunika pakugwira ntchito pansi pa nsanja zamagetsi ambiri, Nthawi yomweyo, imatha kuchepetsa vuto la dzimbiri la bearing lomwe limayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa filimu yamafuta ndi kupangika kwa shaft current pamene shaft voltage ili pamwamba.
1. Njira yoziziritsira injini: kuziziritsa mafuta. Kuziziritsa mafuta kumathetsa mavuto a ukadaulo woziziritsira madzi mwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa injini ndikuwonjezera mphamvu. Ubwino woziziritsira mafuta ndi wakuti mafutawa ali ndi mphamvu zosayendetsa komanso zosagwiritsa ntchito maginito, amagwira bwino ntchito yoteteza kutentha, ndipo amatha kukhudza mwachindunji zigawo zamkati mwa injini. Pansi pa mikhalidwe yomweyi yogwirira ntchito, kutentha kwamkati kwa mafuta oziziritsidwa.motandi zotsika pafupifupi 15% kuposa za madzi oziziramota, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mota ichotse kutentha mosavuta.
Kuwongolera magetsi: Njira ina ya SiC, yowonetsa ubwino wa magwiridwe antchito
Kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, ndikuchepetsa voliyumu. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa nsanja yogwirira ntchito ya 800V yamagetsi apamwamba a mabatire, zofunikira zazikulu zaperekedwa patsogolo pazinthu zokhudzana ndi kuyendetsa magetsi ndi kuwongolera zamagetsi.
Malinga ndi deta yochokera ku Fodie Power, zipangizo za silicon carbide zili ndi ubwino wotsatira pakugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zowongolera mota:
1. Ikhoza kupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito a katundu wochepa mu dongosolo lowongolera zamagetsi, ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa magalimoto ndi 5-10%;
2. Wonjezerani mphamvu ya chowongolera kuchokera pa 18kw/L kufika pa 45kw/L, zomwe zimathandiza kuti chizigwira ntchito pang'ono;
3. Kuonjezera mphamvu ya malo ogwira ntchito bwino ndi 85% ndi 6%, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya malo olemera apakati ndi otsika ndi 10%;
4. Kuchuluka kwa chipangizo chowongolera zamagetsi cha silicon carbide kumachepetsedwa ndi 40%, zomwe zingathandize bwino kugwiritsa ntchito malo ndikuthandizira pakukula kwa miniaturization.
Kuwerengera malo owongolera magetsi: Kukula kwa msika kungafikire 2.5 biliyoni yuan,
CAGR ya zaka zitatu 189.9%
Pakuwerengera malo a chowongolera mota pansi pa mtundu wa galimoto ya 800V, tikuganiza kuti:
1. Galimoto yatsopano yamagetsi pansi pa nsanja yamagetsi amphamvu imakhala ndi zida zowongolera mota kapena cholumikizira chamagetsi;
2. Mtengo wa galimoto imodzi: Kutengera ndalama/malonda a zinthu zomwe zikugwirizana zomwe zalengezedwa mu lipoti la pachaka la Intel la 2021, mtengo wake ndi 1141.29 yuan/seti. Poganizira kuti kufalikira ndi kukwezedwa kwa zida za silicon carbide m'munda wa zinthu zamagetsi zowongolera mtsogolo kudzapangitsa kuti mtengo wa chinthucho ukhale wokwera, tikuganiza kuti mtengo wa chinthucho udzakhala 1145 yuan/seti mu 2022 ndikuwonjezeka chaka ndi chaka.
Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwathu, mu 2025, malo amsika am'dziko ndi apadziko lonse lapansi a olamulira magetsi pa nsanja ya 800V adzakhala 1.154 biliyoni ya yuan ndi 2.486 biliyoni ya yuan, motsatana. CAGR ya zaka 22-25 idzakhala 172.02% ndi 189.98%.
Mphamvu ya galimoto: Kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo cha SiC, chomwe chimathandiza pakupanga 800V
Ponena za kukonza magwiridwe antchito azinthu: Poyerekeza ndi machubu achikhalidwe a silicon MOS, machubu a silicon carbide MOS ali ndi makhalidwe abwino kwambiri monga kukana kotsika kwa conduction, kukana kwamphamvu kwamagetsi, makhalidwe abwino a ma frequency apamwamba, kukana kutentha kwambiri, komanso mphamvu yaying'ono kwambiri yolumikizirana. Poyerekeza ndi zinthu zamagetsi zamagalimoto (OBC) zomwe zili ndi zida zochokera ku Si, zimatha kuwonjezera ma frequency osinthira, kuchepetsa voliyumu, kuchepetsa kulemera, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito. Mwachitsanzo, ma frequency osinthira awonjezeka ndi nthawi 4-5; Kuchepetsa voliyumu ndi nthawi pafupifupi ziwiri; Kuchepetsa kulemera ndi nthawi ziwiri; Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu kwawonjezeka kuchokera pa 2.1 mpaka 3.3kw/L; Kukweza magwiridwe antchito ndi 3%+.
Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za SiC kungathandize zipangizo zamagetsi zamagalimoto kutsatira njira monga kuchuluka kwa mphamvu, kusintha kwakukulu, ndi kuchepetsedwa mphamvu, komanso kusintha bwino zosowa za kuchaja mwachangu komanso kupanga nsanja za 800V. Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi za SiC mu DC/DC kungathandizenso kukana mphamvu zamagetsi, kutayika kochepa, komanso kupepuka kwa zipangizozi.
Ponena za kukula kwa msika: Kuti agwirizane ndi mulu wachikhalidwe wa 400V DC wochapira mwachangu, magalimoto okhala ndi nsanja yamagetsi ya 800V ayenera kukhala ndi chosinthira china cha DC/DC kuti chiwonjezere 400V mpaka 800V kuti mabatire amphamvu a DC azitha kuchapira mwachangu, zomwe zimawonjezera kufunikira kwa zida za DC/DC. Nthawi yomweyo, nsanja yamagetsi amphamvu yathandizanso kukweza ma charger omwe ali m'galimoto, zomwe zabweretsa zowonjezera zatsopano ku ma OBC amphamvu amphamvu.
Kuwerengera Malo Operekera Mphamvu Zagalimoto: Ma yuan opitilira 3 biliyoni mumlengalenga m'zaka 25, kuwirikiza kawiri CAGR muzaka 22-25
Pakuwerengera malo a chinthu chamagetsi chagalimoto (DC/DC converter & chojambulira galimoto OBC) motsatira chitsanzo cha galimoto cha 800V, tikuganiza kuti:
Galimoto yatsopano yamagetsi ili ndi ma converter a DC/DC ndi chojambulira cha OBC chomwe chili mkati mwake kapena gulu la zinthu zophatikizidwa ndi mphamvu zomwe zili mkati mwake;
Malo Ogulitsira Zinthu Zamagetsi Zagalimoto=Kugulitsa Magalimoto Atsopano Amagetsi × Mtengo wa galimoto iliyonse ya chinthu chogwirizana;
Mtengo wa galimoto imodzi: Kutengera ndalama zomwe zapezeka/zogulitsidwa za chinthu chofananacho mu lipoti la pachaka la Xinrui Technology la 2021. Pakati pawo, chosinthira cha DC/DC ndi 1589.68 yuan/galimoto; OBC yomwe ili m'galimoto ndi 2029.32 yuan/galimoto.
Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwathu, pansi pa nsanja ya 800V mu 2025, malo amsika am'dziko ndi apadziko lonse lapansi a ma DC/DC converters adzakhala 1.588 biliyoni yuan ndi 3.422 biliyoni yuan, motsatana, ndi CAGR ya 170.94% ndi 188.83% kuyambira 2022 mpaka 2025; Malo amsika am'dziko ndi apadziko lonse lapansi a OBC omwe ali mkati ndi 2.027 biliyoni yuan ndi 4.369 biliyoni yuan, motsatana, ndi CAGR ya 170.94% ndi 188.83% kuyambira 2022 mpaka 2025.
Relay: Kukwera kwa mtengo wa voliyumu pansi pa kuchuluka kwa magetsi
Kutumiza magetsi kwa DC kwamphamvu kwambiri ndiye gawo lalikulu la magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, ndipo galimoto imodzi imagwiritsa ntchito 5-8. Kutumiza magetsi kwa DC kwamphamvu kwambiri ndi valavu yotetezera magalimoto atsopano amphamvu, yomwe imalowa mu mkhalidwe wolumikizidwa panthawi yogwira ntchito yagalimoto ndipo imatha kulekanitsa makina osungira mphamvu ndi makina amagetsi ngati galimoto yalephera. Pakadali pano, magalimoto atsopano amphamvu ayenera kukhala ndi ma DC relay a 5-8 okwera mphamvu (kuphatikiza ma main relay 1-2 osinthira mwadzidzidzi dera lamagetsi lamphamvu pakagwa ngozi kapena zolakwika mu dera; charger imodzi yoyambirira yogawana katundu wokhudzidwa ndi relay yayikulu; ma charger 1-2 ofulumira kuti alekanitse magetsi amphamvu ngati pachitika zolakwika mwadzidzidzi mu dera; ma charger 1-2 wamba; ndi 1 high-voltage system assistant machine relay).
Kuwerengera malo olumikizirana: mayuan 3 biliyoni mumlengalenga mkati mwa zaka 25, ndi CAGR yopitilira kawiri muzaka 22-25
Kuti tiwerengere malo a relay pansi pa chitsanzo cha galimoto ya 800V, tikuganiza kuti:
Magalimoto atsopano amphamvu amphamvu kwambiri amafunika kukhala ndi ma relay 5-8, kotero timasankha avareji, ndi kufunikira kwa galimoto imodzi ya 6;
2. Poganizira za kukwera kwa mtengo wa ma DC relay pa galimoto iliyonse chifukwa cha kukwezedwa kwa nsanja zotumizira ma voltage ambiri mtsogolomu, tikuganiza kuti mtengo wa yuan 200 pa yuniti iliyonse mu 2022 ndikuwonjezera chaka ndi chaka;
Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwathu, malo amsika a ma DC relay amphamvu kwambiri pa nsanja ya 800V mu 2025 ali pafupi ndi ma yuan 3 biliyoni, ndi CAGR ya 202.6%.
Ma capacitor owonda a filimu: chisankho choyamba pankhani ya mphamvu zatsopano
Makanema owonda akhala njira yabwino kwambiri m'malo mwa electrolysis pankhani ya mphamvu zatsopano. Gawo lalikulu la makina owongolera zamagetsi a magalimoto atsopano ndi inverter. Ngati kusinthasintha kwa magetsi pa busbar kupitirira malire ovomerezeka, kudzawononga IGBT. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ma capacitor kuti muwongolere ndikusefa magetsi otulutsa a rectifier, ndikuyamwa mphamvu yamagetsi ya amplitude. Pankhani ya inverter, ma capacitor okhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu yolimbana ndi ma surge voltage, chitetezo champhamvu, moyo wautali, komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri nthawi zambiri amafunika. Ma capacitor owonda amatha kukwaniritsa bwino zofunikira zomwe zili pamwambapa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale chisankho chabwino kwambiri pankhani ya mphamvu zatsopano.
Kugwiritsa ntchito magalimoto amodzi kukuchulukira pang'onopang'ono, ndipo kufunikira kwa ma capacitor a filimu yopyapyala kudzakhala kwakukulu kwambiri kuposa kukula kwa makampani atsopano amagetsi. Kufunika kwa nsanja zamagalimoto atsopano amphamvu kwambiri kwawonjezeka, pomwe magalimoto amagetsi apamwamba okhala ndi chaji yofulumira yamagetsi nthawi zambiri amafunika kukhala ndi ma capacitor a filimu yopyapyala 2-4. Zogulitsa za ma capacitor a filimu yopyapyala zidzafunika kwambiri kuposa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu.
Kufunika kwa ma capacitor a filimu yopyapyala: Kuchaja mwachangu kwamagetsi okwera kumabweretsa kukula kwatsopano, ndi AGR ya 189.2% kwa zaka 22-25
Pakuwerengera malo a ma capacitor owonda a filimu pansi pa mtundu wa galimoto ya 800V, tikuganiza kuti:
1. Mtengo wa ma capacitor opyapyala amasiyana malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magalimoto ndi mphamvu ya injini. Mphamvu ikakwera, mtengo wake umakwera, ndipo mtengo wake umakwera. Tikangoganiza kuti mtengo wapakati wa 300 yuan;
2. Kufunika kwa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri zochaja mwachangu ndi mayunitsi 2-4 pa yuniti iliyonse, ndipo tikuganiza kuti kufunikira kwapakati pa mayunitsi atatu pa yuniti iliyonse.
Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwathu, malo osungiramo mafilimu omwe adabweretsedwa ndi chitsanzo cha 800V chochapira mwachangu mu 2025 ndi 1.937 biliyoni yuan, ndi CAGR = 189.2%
Zolumikizira zamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri: kusintha kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito
Zolumikizira zamagetsi amphamvu kwambiri zili ngati mitsempha yamagazi m'thupi la munthu, ntchito yawo ndikutumiza mphamvu kuchokera ku dongosolo la batri kupita ku machitidwe osiyanasiyana mosalekeza.
Ponena za mlingo. Pakadali pano, kapangidwe ka makina onse a magalimoto kamadalirabe 400V. Kuti akwaniritse kufunikira kwa 800V yochaja mwachangu, chosinthira magetsi cha DC/DC kuchokera pa 800V kupita ku 400V chikufunika, motero kuwonjezera chiwerengero cha zolumikizira. Chifukwa chake, cholumikizira chamagetsi champhamvu cha ASP cha magalimoto atsopano amagetsi pansi pa kapangidwe ka 800V chidzakwera kwambiri. Tikuyerekeza kuti mtengo wa galimoto imodzi ndi pafupifupi 3000 yuan (magalimoto achikhalidwe oyendera mafuta ali ndi mtengo wa pafupifupi 1000 yuan).
Ponena za ukadaulo. Zofunikira pa zolumikizira mu makina amphamvu kwambiri ndi izi:
1. Ili ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yambiri komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yapamwamba;
2. Kukhazikitsa ntchito zoteteza zapamwamba pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwirira ntchito;
Ali ndi chitetezo chabwino cha maginito chamagetsi. Chifukwa chake, kuti akwaniritse zofunikira pakugwira ntchito motsatira njira ya 800V, kubwerezabwereza kwaukadaulo kwa zolumikizira zamagetsi amphamvu n'kosapeweka.
Mafuse: Kuwonjezeka kwa kuchuluka kwa mafuse atsopano
Ma fuse ndi "ma fuse" a magalimoto atsopano amphamvu. Fuse ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe, pamene mphamvu yamagetsi mu dongosolo ipitirira mtengo wovomerezeka, kutentha komwe kumapangidwa kumaphatikiza kusungunuka, kukwaniritsa cholinga chochotsa dera.
Kulowa kwa ma fuse atsopano kwawonjezeka. Fuse yoyambitsa imayambitsidwa ndi chizindikiro chamagetsi kuti iyambe kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo choyambitsa, zomwe zimachilola kutulutsa mphamvu yosungidwa. Kudzera mu mphamvu yamakina, imapanga kusweka mwachangu ndikumaliza kuzimitsa kwa arc yamagetsi akuluakulu, motero imadula magetsi ndikupeza chitetezo. Poyerekeza ndi ma fuse achikhalidwe, capacitor yoyambitsa ili ndi mawonekedwe ang'onoang'ono, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, mphamvu yonyamula magetsi amphamvu, kukana kugwedezeka kwamagetsi akuluakulu, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, komanso nthawi yodzitetezera yowongolera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kwambiri machitidwe amphamvu kwambiri. Pansi pa chizolowezi cha kapangidwe ka 800V, kuchuluka kwa ma fuse olimbikitsa pamsika kudzakwera mwachangu, ndipo akuyembekezeka kuti mtengo wa galimoto imodzi udzafika 250 yuan.
Kuwerengera malo a ma fuse ndi zolumikizira zamagetsi amphamvu: CAGR = 189.2% kuyambira zaka 22 mpaka 25
Pakuwerengera malo a ma fuse ndi zolumikizira zamagetsi apamwamba pansi pa mtundu wa galimoto ya 800V, tikuganiza kuti:
1. Mtengo wa galimoto imodzi ya zolumikizira zamagetsi amphamvu ndi pafupifupi 3000 yuan pagalimoto;
2. Mtengo wa galimoto imodzi ya fuse ndi pafupifupi 250 yuan pa galimoto;
Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwathu, malo amsika a zolumikizira zamagetsi ndi ma fuse omwe abwera ndi mtundu wa 800V wochapira mwachangu mu 2025 ndi 6.458 biliyoni yuan ndi 538 miliyoni yuan, motsatana, ndi CAGR = 189.2%
Nthawi yotumizira: Novembala-10-2023
